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| source: The Hindu |
शहीद दिवस (30 जनवरी)
महात्मा गांधी दिल्ली के बिड़ला भवन में शाम की प्रार्थना सभा को संबोधित करने जा रहे थे। उसी समय शाम के तकरीबन 5:17 बजे, नाथूराम गोडसे ने उनकी गोली मारकर हत्या कर दी थी। अहिंसा के पुजारी गांधी जी के निधन के बाद हर साल उनकी पुण्यतिथि (30 जनवरी) को शहीद दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाने लगा। शहीद दिवस को संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा अंतरराष्ट्रीय अहिंसा दिवस के रूप में भी मनाया जाता है।
कैसे मनाया जाता है शहीद दिवस?
30 जनवरी को शहीद दिवस के अवसर पर राष्ट्रपति, उपराष्ट्रपति, प्रधानमंत्री, रक्षा मंत्री और तीनों सेना प्रमुख राजघाट स्थित महात्मा गांधी की समाधि पर उन्हें श्रद्धांजलि देते हैं। सेना के जवान भी इस अवसर पर राष्ट्रपिता को श्रद्धांजलि देने के लिए अपने हथियार झुकाते हैं। साथ ही देश के सभी शहीदों की याद में दो मिनट का मौन भी रखा जाता है। स्कूल, कॉलेज और दूसरे संस्थानों में महात्मा गांधी से जुड़े कई तरह के कार्यक्रम, भाषण का आयोजन होता है
ANIMALS THAT TURN TRANSPARENT? #Interesting fact
Recently scientists gleaned insight into how glass frogs
–a species known for this ability – are able to achieve
such transparency.
About Glass frogs:
Glass frogs live in the American tropics and are nocturnal amphibians that spend their days sleeping upside
down on translucent leaves that match the colour of
their backs — a common camouflage tactic.
Their translucent skin and muscle allow their bones and organs
to be visible.
How Glassfrog become transparent:
● Resting glass frogs increase transparency two to
threefold by removing nearly 90 per cent of their
red blood cells from circulation and packing them
within their liver, which contains reflective guanine crystals.
● Whenever the frogs need to become active again,
they bring the red blood cells back into the blood,
which gives the frogs the ability to move around
-- at which point, light absorption from these cells
breaks transparency.
Republic Day 2024
India had achieved independence from Britain on August 15, 1947 (which is celebrated as a separate national holiday), but for its first three years the country remained governed largely by the colonial Government of India Act of 1935.
Shortly after independence was declared, a constituent assembly elected by provincial assemblies went about drafting a constitution that would govern the newly independent nation.
After more than two years, the constitution of India was completed and solidified the establishment of India’s independent democratic government. January 26 was chosen as the official enactment date as a nod to the Purna Swaraj (complete self-rule) declaration of independence by the Indian National Congress in 1930 — considered the first concrete step toward independence from Britain.
With the 1950 constitution, the country was officially known as the Republic of India — a “sovereign socialist secular democratic republic” that “secures all its citizens justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity,” according to its preamble.
Parakram Diwas 2024
व्यापक उत्सव का आयोजन संस्कृति मंत्रालय द्वारा अपने सहयोगी संस्थानों जैसे भारतीय पुरातत्व सर्वेक्षण, राष्ट्रीय नाट्य विद्यालय, साहित्य अकादमी और भारतीय राष्ट्रीय अभिलेखागार के सहयोग से किया जा रहा है । कार्यक्रम के हिस्से के रूप में, यह कार्यक्रम गतिविधियों की एक समृद्ध श्रृंखला की मेजबानी करेगा जो नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस और आजाद हिंद फौज की गहन विरासत को उजागर करेगी।
लाल किले ने नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस और आज़ाद हिंद फ़ौज की गाथा में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई। लाल किले के भीतर एक संग्रहालय बोस और आईएनए की विरासत को संरक्षित और सम्मान देने के लिए समर्पित है, जिसका उद्घाटन भी प्रधान मंत्री मोदी ने 2019 में नेताजी के जन्मदिन पर किया था।
कर्नल प्रेम सहगल, कर्नल गुरबख्श सिंह ढिल्लों और कर्नल शाहनवाज खान के नाम हैं लाल किला परीक्षण में प्रमुख व्यक्तियों के रूप में इतिहास में अंकित हो गए। भारत की आजादी के प्रति उनकी प्रतिबद्धता के कारण कुख्यात लाल किला बैरक मामला सामने आया, जो एक ऐतिहासिक मुकदमा था जिसने आजाद हिंद फौज के अटूट संकल्प को प्रदर्शित किया।
नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस के सम्मान में 2021 से प्रतिवर्ष पराक्रम दिवस मनाया जाता है। 2021 में, उद्घाटन समारोह कोलकाता के विक्टोरिया मेमोरियल हॉल में हुआ। 2022 में, इंडिया गेट पर नेताजी की एक होलोग्राम प्रतिमा का अनावरण किया गया था, और 2023 में, अंडमान और निकोबार द्वीप समूह के 21 सबसे बड़े अनाम द्वीपों का नाम 21 परमवीर चक्र पुरस्कार विजेताओं के नाम पर रखा गया था और नेताजी को समर्पित राष्ट्रीय स्मारक का एक मॉडल बनाया गया था।
नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस द्वीप पर बने द्वीप का अनावरण किया गया।
पराक्रम दिवस 2024 कार्यक्रम के दौरान, प्रधान मंत्री गणतंत्र दिवस की झांकियों और सांस्कृतिक प्रदर्शनों के साथ देश की विविधता को प्रदर्शित करने के लिए पर्यटन मंत्रालय द्वारा आयोजित किए जा रहे 'भारत पर्व' का डिजिटल रूप से शुभारंभ भी करेंगे।
23 से 31 जनवरी तक चलने वाले नौ दिवसीय कार्यक्रम में 26 मंत्रालय और विभाग नागरिक केंद्रित पहल, वोकल फॉर लोकल और विविध पर्यटक आकर्षणों पर प्रकाश डालेंगे। दुनिया भर के लोगों के लिए राष्ट्र की पुनरुत्थान की भावना को शामिल करने, प्रतिबिंबित करने और जश्न मनाने का मंच, यह कार्यक्रम लाल किले के सामने राम लीला मैदान और माधव दास पार्क में होगा।
Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti 2024
सिख धर्म में गुरु गोबिंद सिंह का महत्वपूर्ण योगदान माना जाता है। गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी महाराज ने सिख धर्म के लिए कई नियम बनाए, जिसका पालन आज भी किया जाता है। उन्होंने गुरु ग्रंथ साहिब को गुरु के रूप में स्थापित किया किया और सामाजिक समानता का पुरजोर समर्थन किया।
पौष माह की सप्तमी तिथि पर सिखों के दसवें गुरु, गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी की जयंती मनाई जाती है। इस साल आज यानी 17 जनवरी को गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी की जयंती मनाई जा रही है। गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी सिख धर्म के दसवें और आखिरी गुरु थे। वे सिख धर्म के 9वें गुरु तेगबहादुर के पुत्र थे। सिख धर्म में गुरु गोबिंद सिंह का महत्वपूर्ण योगदान माना जाता है। गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी महाराज ने सिख धर्म के लिए कई नियम बनाए, जिसका पालन आज भी किया जाता है। उन्होंने गुरु ग्रंथ साहिब को गुरु के रूप में स्थापित किया किया और सामाजिक समानता का पुरजोर समर्थन किया। गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी अपने जीवनकाल में हमेशा दमन और भेदभाव के खिलाफ खड़े रहे, इसलिए वे लोगों के लिए एक महान प्रेरणा के रूप में उभरे।
* शौर्य और साहस के प्रतीक गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी सिख धर्म के दसवें गुरु थे।
* इन्होंने ही बैसाखी के दिन खालसा पंथ की स्थापना की थी।
* गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी ने ही खालसा वाणी, 'वाहे गुरु की खालसा, वाहेगुरु की फतेह' दिया था। खालसा पंथ की स्थापना के पीछे इनका उद्देश्य धर्म की रक्षा करना और मुगलों के अत्याचारों से मुक्ति दिलाना था।
*कहा जाता है कि सिखों के लिए पांच चीजें- बाल, कड़ा, कच्छा, कृपाण और कंघा धारण करने का आदेश गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी ने ही दिया था।
*इन चीजों को 'पांच ककार' कहा जाता है, जिन्हें धारण करना सभी सिखों के लिए अनिवार्य होता है।
कहा जाता है कि गुरु गोबिंद सिंह एक महान योद्धा होने के साथ कई भाषाओं के जानकार और विद्वान महापुरुष थे।
*इन्हें पंजाबी, फारसी, अरबी, संस्कृत और उर्दू समेत कई भाषाओं की अच्छी जानकारी थी।
76th Army Day on January 15th
Every year on January 15, soldiers mark the highlights and achievements of Field Marshal Cariappa and the Indian Army.
The Indian Army, established in 1895, did not have its first Army chief until 1949. On this day, back in 1949, Field Marshal KM Cariappa became the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army after India received independence.
The country witnessed communal rights after the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947, prompting soldiers to come forward to maintain peace in the country. It was the right time to take over command of the Indian Army from the Britishers. Thus, Field Marshal Cariappa took over charges from General Francis Butcher, the last British Commander-in-Chief.
Makar Sankranti and Other Harvest Festivals of India
Due to different climates and cropping patterns, India celebrates these Harvest festivals at different times of the year. India being an agrarian economy, with the majority of its population dependent on agriculture owes their growth and prosperity to Mother Earth and nature. Hence they celebrate harvest festivals.
Some of the popular festivals are Bihu, Pongal, Lohri, Makar Sankranti, etc.
Harvest festivals are a moment to celebrate the food that has been cultivated. Different states, communities, and religions with great zeal and enthusiasm celebrate these harvest festivals. It’s a way through which farmers express their gratitude for their abundance of crops and seek blessings from nature and the almighty
NATIONAL YOUTH DAY 12 JANUARY 2024
'उठो, जागो और तब तक मत रुको जब तक मंजिल प्राप्त न हो जाए'
National Youth Day, also known as Vivekananda Jayanti, is celebrated on 12 January, being the birthday of a Hindu monk, Swami Vivekananda. In 1984, the Government of India declared this day as National Youth Day and since 1985 the event is celebrated in India every year. It was a decision of the Government of India taken in 1984 to celebrate the birthday of great Swami Vivekananda, i.e. 12 January, as National Youth Day every year. The Governmentthat 'the philosophy of Swamiji and the ideals for which he lived and worked could be a great source of inspiration for the Indian Youth Day.
The National Youth Day is observed all over India at schools and colleges, with processions, speeches, music, youth conventions, seminars, Yogasanas, presentations, competitions in essay-writing, recitations and sports on 12 January every year.
Swami Vivekananda's lectures and writings, deriving their inspiration from Indian spiritual tradition and the broad outlook of his Master Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa. These were the source of inspiration and have motivated numerous youth organizations, study circles and service projects involving the youth.
This is observed in various centres of Ramakrishna Math and Mission in a traditional Hindu manner which includes mangal arati (a kind of worship practised in India, especially by Hindu people), special worship, homa (fire-ritual), meditation, devotional songs, religious discourses and sandhya-arati (vesper service at evenings)
विश्व हिन्दी दिवस 10 जनवरी 2024 -
विश्व हिन्दी दिवस प्रति वर्ष 10 जनवरी को पूरी दुनिया में मनाया जाता है. इसके मनाने का उद्देश्य हिन्दी के प्रचार-प्रसार के लिये जागरूकता पैदा करना और वैश्विक स्तर पर इसे एक अन्तरराष्ट्रीय भाषा के रूप में पेश करना है. इस अवसर पर दुनिया भर के भारत दूतावासों में विशेष कार्यक्रम आयोजित किये जाते है.
वैश्विक स्तर पर हिंदी को लेकर पहला आयोजन 10 जनवरी 1974 को महाराष्ट्र के नागपुर में किया गया था. इस सम्मेलन में 30 देशों के 122 प्रतिनिधियों ने भाग लिया था. साल 1975 में तत्कालीन प्रधानमंत्री इंदिरा गांधी ने प्रथम विश्व हिंदी सम्मेलन का उद्घाटन किया था. साल 2006 तत्कालीन भारतीय प्रधानमंत्री डॉ. मनमोहन सिंह ने 10 जनवरी को विश्व हिंदी दिवस के रूप में मनाने की घोषणा की थी.
PRERNA PROGRAMME: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
Are you a student of Class 9 to 12?
Are you prepared to immerse yourself in a unique and immersive learning experience?
Then read on!!!!
Picture a journey that transcends the boundaries of conventional education, a journey that ignites your curiosity and leads you along a captivating path of exploration. This path begins in the heart of Vadnagar, a small town nestled in the Mehsana district of Gujarat, India. Here lies a historic institution that dates to 1888, where a remarkable transformation is set to unfold. The institution is Prerana: The Experiential Learning School, where history will meet innovation, and tradition is seamlessly woven into a future-focused educational experience.
Importance and Implication of the Prerana
The Prerana stands as a tribute to Vadnagar's indomitable spirit, a living city that has triumphed over challenges like earthquakes and natural calamities. The revival of this school stands as a testament to the fact that even the most extraordinary lives are built upon ordinary foundations.
Its essence lies not only in the present but also in the ancient knowledge system which will reinforce the value system, creating experiences that can be replicated and adapted to inspire learners far beyond its walls.
Prerana will be first such school, providing an experience due to its innovative and engaging curriculum which is a novel idea, and unlike traditional teaching, a pioneering concept acknowledging the fact that true education extends beyond textbooks and classrooms.
Nine Themed Classrooms
At the heart of this curriculum is the philosophy of value-based education which is a cornerstone of the NEP 2020. The Prerana will allow students to experience and internalize these values through the latest technology and hands-on activities, through a one-week program. The classrooms will be based on nine themes that provide unique avenues for joyful and meaningful learning through activity-based learning.
The themes around which Prerana is founded are the values which are the hallmark of great and true leaders.
The 9 themes will be spread across 8 classrooms. The themes are:
• Swabhiman and Vinay
• Shaurya and Sahas
• Parishram and Samarpan
• Karuna and Sewa
• Vividhta and Ekta
• Satyanishtha and Shuchita
• Navachar and Jigyasa
• Shraddha and Vishwas
• Swatantrata and Kartavya
The participants will also visit archaeological and historical sites that make Vadnagar unique. As participants from various corners of the country converge here, the cultural exchange becomes an invaluable aspect of the experience helping the participants gain insights into the living traditions of other states that shape our nation.
REGISTER FROM:
https://prerana.education.gov.in/#
In addition to excursions to archaeological and heritage sites, other diverse activities are also planned that will encompass various modes of learning all under the expert guidance of selected mentors ensuring a holistic learning journey. The students will also understand the growth and glory of the country from ancient Indian civilisation right up to transforming into one of the top 5 economies and landing of Chandrayan on Moon.
Prerana isn’t just about dissemination of knowledge; it fosters a profound sense of self-discovery. Rooted in the timeless wisdom of India's rich civilisation, this unique initiative embodies a vision harmonising with the principles and ideals emblematic of our Hon’ble Prime Minister Narendra Modi. As we embark towards this programme, we are driven by a steadfast dedication to inculcate values intricately woven into the fabric of the Indian education system—values that have endured the test of time and make effective leaders.
Why Should Students Apply to Be a Part of the Prerana
At Prerana , individuals will be nurtured to become not only critical thinkers but also learn about decision making and team building. They will walk alongside the lives of real-life heroes who have exemplified these virtues, discovering how their choices transformed the country and the world. By the time they complete the one-week Prerana programme, they won't just hold a certificate; they'll wield the power to make a positive impact wherever they go.
After attending the programme and gaining from the diverse inputs, they would go back to their schools and become advocates and ambassadors of the values and experiences imbibed at Prerana . These students will carry the ethos of Prerana into their respective communities, become changemakers and spark positive change and inspire others.
The selection of participants will be executed following an easy three-stage process, detailed under the "Selection of Participants" section. This selection process will prioritise students from Class 9 to 12, with well-rounded personalities, driven by a deep passion and unwavering enthusiasm for shaping the future of our nation.
The students will be accompanied with a guardian teacher from the same district.
Come, Register on the portal, join the programme, and experience yourself.
QUOTES FOR LIBRARY
OLYMPIADS
LIBRARY POLICY FOR KENDRIYA VIDYALAYAS
Every Kendriya Vidyalaya will have a library. The objectives of the library is to:
· Be the knowledge hub of the school and disseminate knowledge as widely as
possible.
· Facilitate creation of new knowledge.
· Facilitate optimal use of knowledge by all staff and students.
· Ensure easy access to the facilities available to all staff and students.
· Encourage and foster reading habit among staff and students.
· Effectively participate in the teaching-learning programmes of the school.
In order to achieve these objectives the library will undertake to:-
· Serve as the center of information for the Vidyalaya and provide easy access
to national and global knowledge to all staff and students.
· Offer an inviting and attractive physical space with proper seating
arrangements and other amenities.
· Ensure that staff and students are treated with courtesy and offered all
assistance in their pursuit of knowledge.
· Offer proactive services to all users.
· Optimize its potential to provide access to information and knowledge to all
by proper display, categorizationjclassification of resource materials.
· Help all the users to develop the skills to make optimum use of all the facilities.
· Undertake activities to foster an interest in books and increase involvement in
the library.
· Improve the collection and services on a continuing basis in consultation with usersjstakeholders.
· Workout a progamme in consultation with teachers for the effective use of all types of library materials.
· To work effectively and efficiently by undertaking every activity in a professional manner.
General guidelines for the library
1. The library must maintain a well-rounded core collection including reference
materials to satisfy the regular needs of the staff and students. The core
collection would consist of several copies of textbooks, reference materials
related to each subject, costly essential books which would include
encyclopedias, maps, atlas, rare books on particular topics/subjects or
exclusive editions of general books.
2. Besides the core collection other general(fiction and nonfiction) books for
regular issue should be available in the library.
3. The core collection may be supplemented through networks, e-resources etc
to provide better qualitative and quantitative services.
4. Library collections are dynamic resources and therefore, there should be
constant review and renewal of material to ensure that the collections are
relevant to the users/stakeholders.
5. Weeding out of books should be a regular feature and should be carried out
with the approval of the competent authority, at least once in a year
6. Categorizing/classifying and indexing of books should be invariably done
keeping in mind the objective of the library.
7. The library should follow open access system.
Size of librarv collection.
1. The core collection of the library should take into account the size of the
Vidyalaya and subjects offered besides covering project based activities,
career guidance, counseling etc.
2. Books should be available in both English and Hindi.
3. Besides the core collection, other general books put together should be at the
rate of 5 books per student subject to a minimum of 1500 books for newly
opened schools. This collection should be well thought out. Low cost and age
relevant editions of classics and fictions should be preferred for the general
section of the school library.
4. Book purchase should be a continuous process and some percentage of the
total Vidyalaya budget should be earmarked for collection development on a
recurring basis. Out of this budget, 50% should compulsorily be earmarked
for elementary classes (i.e. up to class VIII)
5. To encourage more teacher participation in the library, a teacher may be
allowed to submit name / list of book(s) intended to be purchased (which are
not available in the library) amounting to Rs.500/- to the Library Committee.
After approval of the Library Committee, the teacher may be allowed to
purchase the intended book(s). The cost of the book / books should be
reimbursed to the teacher after the books are deposited in the library along
with the bill. However, this kind of purchase would be limited to only a
certain amount that would be decided by the Library Committee.
6. During annual stock taking, weeding out of collection should also be carried
out.
7. For newly opened Vidyalayas a one-time budget would be provided for
setting up the basic collection.
8. Besides books, libraries should subscribe to useful magazines, periodicals and
journals.
Services to be provided by the librarv.
1. Issue of books for home use - Each student would be issued two books at a
time for a period of one week. Staff members, including Principal, would be
issued maximum five books at a time for a maximum period of one fortnight.
Failure to return books on time would compulsorily lead to penalty of Re.l
per day for all (students & staff).
2. A recall system for overdue books should be introduced. This could be
achieved by sending an overdue note to the concerned student through the
Class Teacher. In case of staff the note can be sent through the school office.
3. Reissue of books by a user may be allowed maximum twice more after first
issue.
4. Newly purchased books should not be issued to any user for at least one
month but should be displayed separately as new arrivals.
5. Issue of subject reference books - Only subject reference books from
reference section would be issued for home use on those days when the
successive day is a holiday. The book will have to be returned on the next
working day. Dictionaries, Encyclopedias etc would not be issued.
6. One set of textbooks may be issued to teachers for the subject being taught
by them for the whole session.
7. In case a user loses a book he/she would have to either replace the book or
deposit three times the price of the book in the library.
8. Each user would be provided with library cards for issue of books.
9. Magazines and periodicals may also be issued for a week only. However, it
must be ensured that at least two previous issues are available in the library.
A separate register should be maintained for this purpose.
10. Reading facilities in the Library - There should be comfortable seating arrangement with proper lighting in the library. The library would be open on all working days and the entire duration of school hours.
10. Reading facilities in the Library - There should be comfortable seating arrangement with proper lighting in the library. The library would be open on all working days and the entire duration of school hours.
11. Each section will have two library periods per week. Classes VI to XII will go
to the library during this period. For primary classes the teacher supervising
the library period will give books from class library to the students. One
teacher, who would help in maintaining discipline in the library as well as
assist the librarian, will accompany the students of class VI & above to the
library. However, the arrangement for library class may differ from school to
school depending on the numberof sections per class. In very large schools
one period of class library can be introduced. Notwithstanding this the
number of library periods would be two per section out of which one period
will be in the library. The class library period can be utilized for other library
related activity also for which the class teacher would be in-charge.
12. The librarian should also identify two students in each section who would
assist in library activities.
13. Librarian should facilitate in the use of the library by acting as intermediary
between the users and the collection.
14. Computer and Internet access - The library should have a computer, which
would be used for storing information of the collection, record of books
issued, digitalized books and provide internet access.
Organization of the Library
1. A proper system of cataloging and classification of the collection should be
done to provide easy access and also to keep account of the books.
Dewey
Decimal Classification (DOe) system should be used for this purpose.
2. Computerization of the library should be carried out.
3. Books should be arranged in lockable shelves but open access system should
be followed.
4. The library' should subscribe at least 10 periodicals/journals/magazines.
These should be attractively displayed on magazine racks. Newspapers
should be displayed on stands. Old periodical/magazines/newspapers should
be arranged date wise and preserved for at least 6 months.
5. The display boards in the library should show the jacket covers of latest
books, interesting information on various topics, besides writings of students
and teachers.
6. The library should also carry out a number of activities like:-
i. Display of latest books, magazines & periodicals.
11. Book reviews
iii. Organization of book fairs (at school or cluster level by involving other
nearby schools).
iv. Career guidance and counseling corner.
v. Themes for the week and display of related material.
vi. Compilation of material from newspapers/magazines etc for various
topics like environment, science and technology etc.
vii. Organization of Book Quiz.
viii. Prizes to students who have borrowed the maximum number of books.
ix. Establishing of book clubs.
7. The library should invariably display the following information:
Total no. of books
ii. No. of text books
iii. No. of Reference books.
iv. No. of general( fiction and non fiction) books
v. Subject wise list of books
vi. Class wise list of fiction and non-fiction available in the library.
vii. No. of periodicals/magazines available along with their names and
periodicity.
Management of Librarv
1. The librarian will manage the library and the duties of the librarian will include all
that has been stated in the previous sections.
2. There shall be a library committee, headed by the Principal and at least 03
teacher members who have a genuine love for books. The teachers should be
one each from Primary, Secondary and Sr. Secondary classes. The committee
would also include two students to be selected by the Principal from Classes VII
to XII. The Librarian would be the Member-Secretary of the Committee. The
Committee will select books for the library keeping in view the natural interests
and needs of the children, their age group and intelligence. There should also be
continuous renewal of books for which meetings should be held on half yearly
basis. The Library Committee can invite other teachers/students to the meetings
for their advice/suggestion. This committee shall meet as often as possible but
at least once in a month.
3. Besides recommending books for the library the Library Committee will also
recommend suitable budgetary provision for the library; develop a general
programme of library service to suit the interest and requirement of different
sections of users; review library rules and formulate new rules for the library;
make recommendations for proper functioning of the library.
4. All teachers and students can recommend books for the library for which a
suggestion box should be kept in the library. Suggestions received through this
box shall be placed for consideration of Library Committee.
5. Besides books for children, the Committee will also select books for teachers on
various subjects apart from Academics.
6. For Primary classes (1 to V), class library will be set up. These libraries will be
under the charge of class teachers. The class teacher will get books from the
main library, which will be in accordance with the standard and interest of the
age group of the children of the class concerned. They should be attractively
displayed in lockable shelves and kept in the class. The teacher will issue books
to the children during library period. After these books have been read, another
set would be issued from the main library.
7. The Primary teacher would maintain a register regarding issue of books to the
students so that hejshe can keep track of the books read and students are not
given books they have already read.
8. The selection of books for the class libraries will also be done by a committee
comprising of H.M, librarian, class teacher, two other teachers and two students
who will be nominated by the Principal.
9. The class teacher will ensure that every pupil in the class maintains a notebook
in which the name of the book read, its author and a brief account of the content
is recorded.
10. Non-compliance of the instructions given above will be considered to be a
dereliction of duty for which suitable action may be initiated against the
concerned PrincipaI, Librarian, Teacher, H.M.
Monitoring and Evaluation of collection and Services.
Statistics should be maintained on the following so that they can be used for monitoring
and evaluation.
1. No. of users.
2. No and percentage of collection issued on any given day.
3. Number of books issued during a stated period.
4. Average books issued per user per unit time.
5. Number of recommendations received for purchase of books per year.
6. Class wise list of activities conducted in a year along with number of participants.
7. Number of new books added per year.
8. Number of old books weeded out.
School Libraries and Resource Centers Section
IFLA/UNESCO SCHOOL LIBRARY MANIFESTO
THE SCHOOL LIBRARY IN TEACHING AND LEARNING FOR ALL
The school library provides information and ideas that are fundamental to functioning successfully in today's information and knowledge-based society. The school library equips students with life-long learning skills and develops the imagination, enabling them to live as responsible citizens.
The Mission of the School Library
The school library offers learning services, books and resources that enable all members of the school community to become critical thinkers and effective users of information in all formats and media. School Libraries link to the wider library and information network in accord with the principles in the UNESCO Public Library Manifesto.
The library staff support the use of books and other information sources, ranging from the fictional to the documentary, from print to electronic, both on-site and remote. The materials complement and enrich textbooks, teaching materials and methodologies.
It has been demonstrated that, when librarians and teachers work together, students achieve higher levels of literacy, reading, learning, problem-solving and information and communication technology skills.
School library services must be provided equally to all members of the school community, regardless of age, race, gender, religion, nationality, language, professional or social status. Specific services and materials must be provided for those who are unable to use mainstream library services and materials.
Access to services and collections should be based on the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Freedoms, and should not be subject to any form of ideological, political or religious censorship, or to commercial pressures.
Funding legislation and networks
The school library is essential to every long-term strategy for literacy, education, information provision and economic, social and cultural development. As the responsibility of local, regional and national authorities, it must be supported by specific legislation and policies. School Libraries must have adequate and sustained funding for trained staff, materials, technologies and facilities. They must be free of charge.
The school library is an essential partner in the local, regional and national library and information network.
Where the school library shares facilities and/or resources with another type of library, such as a public library, the unique aims of the school library must be acknowledged and maintained.
Goals of the school library
The school library is integral to the educational process.
The following are essential to the development of literacy, information literacy, teaching, learning and culture and are core school library services:
supporting and enhancing educational goals as outlined in the school's mission and curriculum;
developing and sustaining in children the habit and enjoyment of reading and learning, and the use of libraries throughout their lives;
offering opportunities for experiences in creating and using information for knowledge, understanding, imagination and enjoyment;
supporting all students in learning and practising skills for evaluating and using information, regardless of form, format or medium, including sensitivity to the modes of communication within the community;
providing access to local, regional, national and global resources and opportunities that expose learners to diverse ideas, experiences and opinions;
organizing activities that encourage cultural and social awareness and sensitivity;
working with students, teachers, administrators and parents to achieve the mission of the school;
proclaiming the concept that intellectual freedom and access to information are essential to effective and responsible citizenship and participation in a democracy;
promoting reading and the resources and services of the school library to the whole school community and beyond.
The school library fulfils these functions by developing policies and services, selecting and acquiring resources, providing physical and intellectual access to appropriate sources of information, providing instructional facilities, and employing trained staff.
Staff
The school librarian is the professionally qualified staff member responsible for planning and managing the school library, supported by as adequate staffing as possible, working together with all members of the school community, and liaising with the public library and others.
The role of school librarians will vary according to the budget and the curriculum and teaching methodology of the schools, within the national legal and financial framework. Within specific contexts, there are general areas of knowledge that are vital if school librarians are to develop and operate effective school library services: resource, library, and information management and teaching.
In an increasingly networked environment, school librarians must be competent in planning and teaching different information-handling skills to both teachers and students. Therefore they must continue their professional training and development.
Operation and Management
To ensure effective and accountable operations:
the policy on school library services must be formulated to define goals, priorities and services in relation to the school's curriculum;
the school library must be organized and maintained according to professional standards;
services must be accessible to all members of the school community and operate within the context of the local community;
co-operation with teachers, senior school management, administrators, parents, other librarians and information professionals, and community groups must be encouraged.
Implementing the Manifesto
Governments, through their ministries responsible for education, are urged to develop strategies, policies and plans which implement the principles of this Manifesto. Plans should include the dissemination of the Manifesto to initial and continuing training programmes for librarians and teachers
LIBRARY RULES
MODEL LIBRARY RULES
(As per KVS Guidelines for School Library & Procedure Manual)
All students and staff of the school are members of the library.
A student can borrow only two books at a time for a period of two weeks.
A staff member can borrow maximum five books at a time for a period of one month.
Books will be issued to the students, during the library periods. No book will be issued or returned during the teaching hours.
Marking, underlining or writing on library books, periodicals, and newspapers is strictly forbidden.
Reference books and current periodicals will not be issued to any member. These can be consulted only in the library.
If the books are not returned within the specified time it will be viewed seriously and fine will be charged as per rules.
The Librarian may call for a book at any time, even if the normal period of loan has not expired.
In case of book is misused, wrongly handled or lost the person concerned will have to replace the book or pay the current market price of the book.
After reading, make sure that the books, periodicals and newspapers are kept back at their respective places.
The members should take good care of library furnishings and equipment. Make sure the library looks as good when you leave as it did when you came in.
Drink and food are not allowed in the Library.
Library computers are for academic purpose only. Do not tamper with the computer settings. Follow the internet safety guidelines.
A ‘No Dues Certificate’ by each student is to be obtained from the Librarian while his/her transfer/withdrawal from the school.
Strict order and silence shall be maintained in the library and speak softly if needed.
SAMGRA SHIKSHA
ATAL INNOVATION MISSION
Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog is Government of India’s flagship initiative to promote a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in the country and was setup in 2016. Towards this end AIM has taken a holistic approach to ensure creation of a problem-solving innovative mindset in schools and creating an ecosystem of entrepreneurship in universities, research institutions, private and MSME sector. All the initiatives of AIM are currently monitored and managed systematically using real-time MIS systems and dynamic dashboards. AIM is also currently having its programs reviewed by third party agencies for ensuring continuous improvements.
Atal Tinkering Labs - at school level
AIM has launched the Atal Tinkering Lab (ATL) program. ATL is a state-of-the-art space established in a school with a goal to foster curiosity and innovation in young minds, between grade 6th to 12th across the country through 21st century tools and technologies such as Internet of Things, 3D printing, rapid prototyping tools, robotics, miniaturized electronics, do-it-yourself kits and many more. The aim is to stimulate a problem-solving innovative mindset within the children of the ATL and nearby communities. Till date, AIM has established 10,000 Atal Tinkering Labs in Schools across the country.
PRAVASI BHARATIYA DIVAS
PRE-VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS
Outline of the Module
1 Historical Perspectives on Work Based Education in India
2 Present Scenario of Skill Development
3 Work Experience and Pre-Vocational Education Programme
4 Vocationalisation of Education under Samagra Shiksha
Module Objectives
After going through this unit, the trainee should be able to:
1. Comprehend historical perspectives on work based education in India
2. Describe the key features of skill development in India
3. Describe the purpose of work experience and pre-vocational education programme.
4. Describe the vocationalisation of school education under SamagraShiksha Module Overview
FOUNDATIONAL LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The highest priority of school education will be “Universal acquisition of Foundational learning skills by Grade 3”
FOUNDATIONAL LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The pre-existing knowledge of language helps in building literacy skills in languages. The key components in Foundational Language and Literacy are:
Oral Language Development Includes improved listening comprehension; oral vocabulary and extended conversation skills. The experiences in oral language are important for developing skills of reading and writing.
Decoding Involves deciphering written words based on understanding the relationship between symbols and their sounds Reading Fluency Refers to the ability to read a text with accuracy, speed (automaticity), expression (prosody), and comprehension that allows children to make meaning from the text. Many children recognize aksharas, but read them laboriously, one by one.
Reading Comprehension Involves constructing meaning from a text and thinking critically about it. This domain covers the competencies of understanding texts and retrieving information from them, as well as interpreting texts.
Writing This domain includes the competencies of writing aksharas and words as well as writing for expression
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